AI Goldilocks problem: Powell, Huang and Amodei cannot agree – and Gen Z fate lies in balance
Too hot, too cold or just right? It was the key question of the Goldilocks fable. She interlved in the house of three bear and, on the basis of the version, escaped through a window, promising not to make as much break and penetrate in the future, or was subjected to a kind of horrible punishment typical of a folk tale of the 19th century.
The generation of generation Z entering the labor market (aged around 13 to 28 years) has a much more urgent question in its mind: how bad the revolution of artificial intelligence? The predictions range from too cold to too hot, and in the summer of 2025, the main business and economy leaders have marked their positions. Jensen Huang, the billionaire founder of the manufacturer of chips AI essential Nvidia, is at a pole of the argument, while Dario Amodei, CEO of the AI Anthropic Startup is to the other. In the middle of this Goldilocks equation is none other than the president of the Federal Reserve Jerome Powell.
Dario Amodei: ring the alarm
Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, has become the most frank pessimist. In a series of interviews and public appearances, Amodei warned in an interview with Axios that AI could eliminate up to 50% of the jobs in entry -level collar in the next five years, which has potentially led US unemployment to 20%. He underlined the rapid adoption of the AI advanced models – like the own Claude 4 of Anthropic – which already automates tasks formerly reserved for subordinate staff in fields such as technology, finance, law and advice.
“We, as producers of this technology, have a duty and an obligation to be honest on what will happen,” said Amodei. “Most of them do not know that it happens. It seems crazy, and people just don’t believe it.”
AMODEI warnings have some support from data: hiring new graduates per Big Tech has dropped by 50% since 2019, and a 25% drop in new hires of graduates has been recorded from 2023 to 2024 only. New graduates represent only 7% of major technological hits. A recent survey of the World Economic Forum shows that 40% of employers expect to reduce their workforce in areas where AI can automate tasks between 2025 and 2030.
Amodei called for an urgent government action, including proposals such as a “token tax” on the income generated by AI to support displaced workers.
Jensen Huang: transformation, not destruction
Jensen Huang, CEO of Nvidia, offers a more optimistic point point – so nuanced -. While recognizing that AI will change 100% of jobs, Huang insists that fears of mass unemployment are exaggerated. Instead, he argues that AI will redefine work, automating routine tasks but also creating new roles and opportunities.
“I am sure that 100% of everyone’s jobs will be changed. The work we do in our jobs will be changed. But it is very likely – my work has already changed,” said Huang in a recent interview with the faith of CNN Zakaria.
Huang believes that the key to prosperity in the AI era is to adopt the literacy of AI. He warns that those who fail to adapt to the risk of being left behind, but it also highlights the emergence of new career paths in training, data labeling and system integration. For Huang, the “Goldilocks” solution is innovation: as long as society continues to generate new ideas, AI productivity gains can raise everyone.
Jerome Powell: the prudent centrist
The president of the federal reserve, Jerome Powell, occupies common ground, recognizing both the risks and potential of the AI. In testimony before congress and during international forums, Powell said that the impact of AI on the economy and the labor market is probably “important”, but that the moment and the scale remain deeply uncertain.
“There is certainly a possibility that, at least at the beginning, the AI will replace a lot of jobs, rather than simply increasing the work of people,” Powell told legislators. “In the long term, AI can increase productivity and lead to greater employment. But it is a processing technology, with unknown effects. ”
Powell pointed out that the central bank is closely monitored the effects of AI, but stressed that political responses must come from the Congress, not from the Fed. He also cited research suggesting that generative AI could increase world GDP by 7% over a decade, although warning up to 300 million jobs in the world can be affected.
Gen Z: taken in cross -fires
For generation Z, the issues could not be higher. As a first generation to enter a workforce transformed by AI, they face a future where entry-level jobs can be rare, but new opportunities could emerge for those who have the right skills.
A large global survey of Gallup revealed that 63% of workers in generation Z fear that generating AI eliminates jobs – a level of concern only corresponding to millennials. This anxiety feeds an increase in reduction efforts, 70% of the ZERS generation developing new skills at least once a week to stay competitive. This anxiety is not only theoretical – those without experience of direct AI are even more likely to feel anxious (55%), which suggests that uncertainty and lack of orientation amplify these fears. The same study revealed that only 10% of the ZERS generation without experience of AI felt enthusiastic about the idea of technology, stressing a generalized feeling of discomfort.
A recent survey of American workers revealed that 52% of respondents of the Z generation fear that someone with better skills in AI can replace them at work over the next year. This is the highest level of concern among all the generations studied, exceeding the two millennials (45%) and generation X (33%). Anxiety leads to generation Z to continue professional development at higher rates, 26% providing for six to 10 courses over the next year to maintain their relevant skills.
Nvidia refused to comment. Anthropic referred Fortune To a commentary on the anthropogenic co-founder and head of the Jack Clark policy: “Launching a conversation on the impact of AI on entry-level jobs is a question of pragmatism. As producers of this technology, we have the obligation to be transparent and clear on the potential societal and economic impacts of AI. ”.
For this story, Fortune Used a generative AI to help an initial project. An editor checked the accuracy of the information before the publication.
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